Afghanistan gained its independence on August 19, 1919 (28 Asad 1298 in the Afghan calendar). This achievement was the outcome of the Third Anglo-Afghan War, after which Afghanistan secured full control over its foreign policy. The Treaty of Rawalpindi, signed between Afghan and British representatives, is considered the first official document recognizing Afghanistan’s independence at the international level.
Since then, Independence Day has not only been observed as a national commemoration of a pivotal historical event, but it also provides an opportunity to reflect on the broader meaning of independence within the social, cultural, and economic transformations of the country. The day continues to hold a significant place in Afghanistan’s national calendar and is marked annually with various ceremonies and reflections.